Sir Ronald Storrs – The First Governor of Jerusalem

The Eretz Israel Museum in Tel Aviv has a great tradition of exceptional historic exhibitions, based on photography and documents that bring back important and sometimes forgotten episodes from the history of the Land of Israel before and after the foundation of the state. About a year ago I wrote about the Hejaz train line whose segment in Israel (‘the train of the valley’) was announced to be renewed in the coming years. Now in the same pavilion which also hosts the museum of the Postal Services I visited last Saturday a fascinating exhibition dedicated to a forgotten figure who was one of the important personalities in the history of the Palestine at the beginning of the British Mandate period – Sir Ronad Storrs, the first governor of Jerusalem.

The First Governor - entry in the exhibition

The Web page of the exhibition which is open until June 15 can be accessed here. Ha’Aretz published a detailed review of the exhibition with many more interesting details about the man and his times in the Land of Israel.

The First Governor - in the exhibition

Although his name is less known today eclipsed by other personalities like Herbert Samuel the first High Commissioner who ruled the mandatory Palestine in the first period, Ronald Storrs was a well known figure in the area even before entering the Palestinian history. His name is mentioned tens of times in books like The Balfour Declaration by Jonathan Schneer or A Peace to End All Peace by David Fromkin, fundamental reading for anyone who wants to understand the modern and contemporary history of the Middle East and the roots of the conflicts and complex situation that plague the area and only seem to become more complicated as the time passes.

the future governor and two future kings

Born in 1881 in the family of a priest, Storrs made his studies in a Cambridge college and entered very young the diplomatic service, being assigned in Cairo. He learned Arabic (and later Hebrew) and his language skills among other made of him one of the key persons who built prior and during the First World War the relation between the British Empire and the Arab leaders, who revolted in 1916-1917 against the Turks bringing a significant contribution to the British victories in the war in the area. The price of this alliance was promises made to the Arab rulers by the same time Balfour was making commitments to the Zionist movement and here lie some of the roots of the future conflict between Jews and Arabs. The photo above represents Storrs with emir Abdullah the future king of TransJordan and founder of the Hashemite dynasty and prince George of Kings Speech fame.

the High Commissioner and the Governor have a meal on the roadside

In December 1917 general Allenby liberated Palestine and by the end of the month Storr was named Governor of Jerusalem. He was the first Christian ruler in the Holy Land after seven centuries of Muslim rule and his title is the same the Pontius Pilatus once hold. He hold the highest British position in the land until 1920, when the civil mandate rule replaces the military law, and stood as governor of the Jerusalem city and area and second to High Commissioner Herbert Samuel until 1926.

Samuels, Storrs and the heads of the Christian communities in Jerusalem

The experienced diplomat that Storrs already was by the time he took the positions in Palestine found quickly that the balancing act between the different communities in the Holy Land was by no means an easy one. Even the Christian communities – a minority in a city central to Christianity were divided in issues related to the administration of the holy places.

Three Lectures - No Questions or Discussions

In his memoirs he will write later a paragraph that expresses with characteristib British humor the feelings of frustration that myriads of foreign mediators have felt along the time when faced with the parties in the Jewish vs. Arabs conflict over Palestine: “Being neither Jew (British or foreign ) nor Arab, but English, I am not wholly for either, but for both. Two hours of Arab grievances drive me into the Synagogue, while after an intensive course of Zionist propaganda I am prepared to embrace Islam”

Founding a Settlement (Gezer)

As military governor and then as civil governor he participated in more than one significant event in the development of the Jewish presence in Palestine. Here he is participating at the foundation ceremony of a new Jewish settlement.

Anti-Zionist Demonstration, 1920

The promises made to the two communities – Jewish and Arab – during the war of which Storrs was also part of soon resulted into the surfacing of the broken expectations on both part, and then in the first anti-Jewish demonstrations in 1920 and violent incidents in 1921.

caricature in the Jewish press

Soon the British governor became the preferred target of criticism in the Jewish press. Some of the critics were justified, as Storrs was no supporter of the Zionist plans, and had ideas and proposals of his own that often came in conflict with these. For example by the time he took over the governor position in Jerusalem he was siding the idea of Palestine to become part of a Muslim kingdom based in Egypt – an idea which was taken of the table with the start of the British mandate. Later in his life he supported the White Book and was opposed to the partition plans.

Jerusalem ceramics

The exhibition throws light over the remarkable urban and culture development of the city under Storrs’ governance. By the end of 1917 when Storrs took over the city of Jerusalem was ravaged by war and marked by many decades of neglect and mis-management under the Turkish rule. The governor put means and passion in modernizing the city and encouraging all its communities to express themselves. He even brought new communities in the city like the Armenians, among which the ceramic artists like David Ohanesian, who opened factories and shops and created a tradition of ceramic arts that persists until today. I wrote about this episode (in Romanian) on the blog of my friend Pierre a few years back.  The above tiles were designed to be part of the renovation of the mosque on the Temple Mount but did not make it to the final project.

ceramics street signs

Until today the ceramics street signs in Jerusalem are witnesses of this tradition.

a concert in 1923

A lover of arts Storrs also founded the Pro-Jerusalem Society to promote cultural activities in the city. Above is the poster of a concert he attended in 1923.

Reuven Rubin - Prophet in the Desert

Among the artists he remarked and encourages we can find the Romania-born Reuven Rubin. The lithography above dates from 1923, the year Rubin settled in Palestine. Later in his memoirs Storrs will write the following: “The two outstanding artists of my time were Rubin and Bomberg; Rubin with a whimsically interesting vision, Bomberg seeming to record a powerful cosmic staresmic stare”.

planning the city of Jerusalem

City planing was as important part of the focus of his activity. Our image of Jerusalem today and especially of the Old city area owes a lot to decisions and laws that came under effect during his time – for example the use of native Jerusalem stone in all houses to be built in the city, the decisions not to build East of the Old City in order to conserve the landscape as close as possible to the Biblical appearance, and to build low in the rest of the perimeter of the city to keep the fortress walls visible from any point, and other.

conserving the past

In 1926 Storrs was promoted to the position of Governor of Cyprus, and he later hold a similar position in North Rhodesia. He retired in 1934 and many of his experiences and stories during the Middle East are recorded in his book of memoirs Orientations published in 1937.

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The 6th Biennale for Israeli Ceramic

This is a first in a series of articles about the exhibitions we visited last Saturday at the Eretz Israel Museum

The 6th Biennale for Israeli Ceramic

The first exhibition we visited was the show that every two years gathers the most interesting works in the field of ceramics. You can get more information about this event open until June 15 on the Web page of the exhibition .

in the exhibition

110 artists and designers participate in the impressive show this year. Beside the works several videos are presented in the exhibition showing techniques of creation in ceramics which range from the very traditional ones, some practiced in this part of the world for many centuries until the most modern inventions and the industrial scale production.

Avner Singer - Two Chimneys

The Two Chimneys by Avner Singer use industrial landscape forms combined with techniques that remind the old painted pottery craft practiced in the area.

Batia Malka - Endo, Baby

A few artists deal with the human forms in a disturbing way. For example Batia Malka uses earthenware techniques which remind the tourist shops objects that can be bought in Europe to create a very different type of representation.

Varda Yaton - Tikun (Corrections)

Varda Yaton creates a similar effect, but there is not polish in her manner, just a brute and direct expression that talks about the unsettling environments of our life.

Orly Montag - Made of China

Orly Montag is still a student in ceramics design at the Bezalel school in Jerusalem. Her fantasy dolls bring up forms inspired from the extra-terrestrial stories with a sudden twist of violence that connects her work with the ones of the previous two artists above.

Miri Fleisher - Nakba

A few works speak directly about the complex political situation in our area. As the Arab artists are absent from the show (or maybe there are a few but I did not remark them) it is the Jewish artist Miri Fleisher who talks about Nakba in one of the most interesting works in the exhibition with the empty space of a melted Palestinian jug (a zir) creating in the air a form of absence.

Raya Stern - Jaffa - Tel Aviv

Raya Stern uses the traditional techniques to show on a pair of twin glazed earthenware vases the representation of the two cities of Tel Aviv and Jaffa, so close that they meld geographically, and yet so different in history and destiny.

Eva Avidar - Common Israeli Coackroach

In a more allegoric manner Eva Avidar (born in Romania in 1960) talks about the same reality at a very different level and using a sophisticated mix of materials.

Gad Charny - Endless Column Nr. 3

A reflection of Romania can be found also in the work of Gad Charny, with a very different variant of the Endless Column. The verticality of Brancusi is replaced by hesitation, and the game of geometry is created by an alternation of clay ups with lit plastic bottles – something very different from what the artists has created lately.

Talia Tokatly - Circle of Dogs

Talia Tokatly created for this exhibition a composition fixed on a wall, which creates an interesting and unusual relation between the objects and the viewer.

Iris Zohar - Onion Vase

Last, here is a beautiful work by designer Iris Zohar, whose objects fill in the space with an elegance of the form and a tranquility otherwise present in very few other works in this exhibition which seems to reflect the trepidations of a rather agitated moment in time.

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Machiavelli’s ‘La Mandragola’ at the Beit Lessin Theatre

The Israeli mainstream theaters suffer from a repertory policy which encourages commercial plays and leaves too little room to my taste to innovation – both in what concerns the selected texts as well as the means of expression. The Beit Lessin Theater is no exception. When something is more interesting or more daring there are good chances that it comes from what they use to call the ‘young artists team’. This is the case with the performance that I saw last Friday. The selection of the text is a classic actually – an adaptation by Yaacov Shabtay of Niccolo Macchiavelli’s comedy La Mandragola – an early 16th century story of an pre-Don Juan type who cheats his way to the bedroom of the young wife of an old and rich notary – a play already staged twice in Israel in the 70s and in the 90s. The difference is in the means of expression and the result is a well paced and funny performance which can satisfy both the spectators looking for quality theater as well as the broader audiences.

Niccolo Machiavelli - source http://en.wikipedia.org/

The current adaptation keeps the basic premises of the play while taking a lot of freedom in the dialogs which add here and there a lot of hints for the contemporary Israeli audiences. Yet the principal message of of the play about fraud prevailing over virtue, religion and morality is well emphasized, and does not sound at all history on the stage in Tel Aviv. The 28 years old director Gilad Kimchi builds a well paced staging, which uses the basic techniques of the comedia dell’arte and mixes them with the modern concepts of total theater that combine text, music and stage movement. The team is composed of actors who all graduated from the Israeli theater schools in the last decade and they all give a good and very homogeneous performance. At the end this version of La Mandragola succeeds with its freshness of staging and enthusiasm of the young actors to earn the laughs and the applauds of the Friday night audiences in Tel Aviv looking for a good entertainment.

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Serge Gainsbourg at Casino de Paris

I have written a few weeks ago about Joann Sfar’s film Gainsbourg (Vie Eroique) which I liked a lot. The Arte TV culture channel broadcast several segments dedicated to Gainsbourg 20 years after his death (on March 2, 1991). One of them is one of the concerts in the series that Gainsbourg performed at the Casino de Paris in 1985-1986, filmed by Claude Ventura. Gainsbourg was in the 80s at the top of his creative power as a musician (and this concert supported by a group of American instrumentalists proves it) but also in the middle of many controversies and so close to the end of his life and career. Luckily, on youTube several sequences of the concert are available.

(video source MarTenSaa)

Love on the Beat opens the concert. It’s taken and bears the same title as the album released by Gainsbourg two years before, where he was experimenting with electronic music and which was including several songs which created controversy because of their lyrics.

(video source ul4d)

The splendid version of Bonnie and Clyde is of a song originally created and sung by Gainsbourg for Brigitte Bardot, at the time of their very publicized relationship.

(video source MarTenSaa)

Initials B.B. belongs to the same album written in 1968 by Gainsbourg for Brigitte Bardot. It was the only music album ever issued by the French super-star.

(video source MarTenSaa)

Which one of the many love relations Gainsbourg had during his stormy and intensely lived life was Sorry Angel about?

Sorry angel
Sorry so
Sorry angel
Sorry so
C'est moi qui t'est suicidée
Mon amour
Je n'en valais pas la peine
Tu sais
Sans moi tu as décidé
Un beau jour
Décidé que tu t'en allais
Sorry angel
Sorry so
Sorry angel
Sorry so
Le compte avait commencé
A rebours
Etait-ce vertige déveine
Qui sait
Un voyage un aller seul
Au long court
D'où l'on ne revient jamais
Sorry angel
Sorry so
Sorry angel

Sorry so
Moi j'aurais tout essayé
Mon amour
C'était vraiment pas la peine
Je sais
Que c'était foutu d'avance
Mon amour
Je n'ai ni remord ni regret
Sorry angel
Sorry so
Sorry angel
Sorry so
C'est moi qui t'est suicidée
Mon amour
Moi qui t'ai ouvert les veines
Je sais
Maintenant tu es avec les anges
Pour toujours
Pour toujours et à jamais
Sorry angel
Sorry so
Sorry angel
Sorry so

[ From: http://www.elyrics.net/read/s/serge-gainsbourg-lyrics/sorry-angel-lyrics.html]

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Jazz: Henri Texier

The Mezzo TV station presented a documentary and concert excerpts featuring bassist Henri Texier. Born in 1945 Texier became known in the 60s and 70s when he worked with several American jazz players who were singing in the Paris hot jazz clubs.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ymyF-EHNdE&feature=related

(video source laclos)

Famous friends from the French art scene like film director Bertrand Tavernier and photographer Gui Le Querrec shared their memories about the artist. He talked about great musicians he played with, about his art, about the feeling of freedom when improvising on stage.

Above he plays at the festival ‘Jazz Sous les Pommiers’. When hearing musicians like him one realizes what a complex instrument bass can be and has the feeling that this very difficult instrument can be mastered and made flexible and expressive.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8qlUQ-3WmQ&feature=related

(video source JNPDITV)

Here is a gem I found on youTube. The very young Didier Lockwood and Henri Texier playing Gershwin’s ‘Summertime’ in 1980 at Cascais in Portugal.

(video source anthbd45)

This is a 1995 recording of a composition of Henri Texier in a septet formula that comprises his son Sebastien playing the saxophone.

And below is the full La Nuit broadcast at Mezzo featuring Henri Texier.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylHocvDizCI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxillGWeoIw&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRyjytzDSdk&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-zfbAPweOg&feature=related

(video source uvisni)

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Jazz: Seamus Blake, Rodney Green & Assaf Kehati in Tel Aviv

The Hot Jazz series at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art proposed for its 5th concert of the season an experiment. Instead of bringing in one special guest with his band or with an Israeli band (usually in quartet formula) it joined two North American jazz instrumentalists – saxophonist Seamus Blake and drummer Rodney Green with two Israelis living in the US – guitarist Assaf Kehati and bass-player Noam Wiesenberg. I do not know if the four ever played together before as a quartet, maybe not, but jazz is also about such first time or sparse encounters, and the idea is interesting and had the potential an interesting jazz evening.

(video source lillyinjazz)

Seamus Blake is born in 1970 in England, and was raised in Canada. He entered the jazz stage in the 90s and played with the Mingus and John Scofield’s bands. He is located in New York City and has six albums on record and leads his own bands for the last few years, in a stylish and cultivated tenor saxophone style, with influences of electronic music. More information about him can be found at http://www.seamusblake.com/fr_home.cfm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wB5HnCQwNgg

(video source adrianwaj)

Rodney Green is born in Philadelphia, and since the age of 16 played in bands first in his native city and then in New York. He worked with musicians like Wynton Marsalis, Diana Kroll, George Benson, Ravi Coltrane, Herbie Hancock , Dianne Reeves. Lately he leads his own Rodney Green Group. More information can be read and music can be heard at http://www.rodneygreenmusic.com/

(video source Assafkehati)

Guitarist and composer Assaf Kehati works in Israel and for the last few years in New York and Boston. He performed at the famous Blue Note club in NYC and the the Washington DC Jazz festival. Information and music are accessible at http://www.myspace.com/assafkehati

(video source jazzeyerecords)

The program of the concert last Friday included mostly compositions by Blake and Kehati. For most of the time it was Kehati who gave the tone with intense and passionate guitar improvisations. Green and Wiesenberg stood in the background while Seamus Blake was leading the band in a mood a little bit too cool to my taste for almost the whole concert. Only in the last two pieces he suddenly woke up (maybe it was the last song announcement?) and put more passion in his acts, proving that he can really create hot jazz moments. It’s a pity the concert ended when we felt the musicians just warmed up, but the time was over. The piece above with Blake and Green (but without the Israeli instrumentalists) is from the album Live in Italy, a previous cooperation of Blake and Green.

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An Oscar for ‘Stangers No More’

The Oscar goes to … ‘Strangers No More’ for the Best Documentary Short Subject – a film about a very special school in Tel Aviv, a school that gathers children from 48 countries whose parents are foreign workers in Israel.

(video source Israel)

From the official site of the film – http://www.strangersnomoremovie.com/

In the heart of Tel Aviv, there is an exceptional school where children from forty-eight different countries and diverse backgrounds come together to learn. Many of the students arrive at Bialik-Rogozin School fleeing poverty, political adversity and even genocide. Here, no child is a stranger.

Strangers No More follows several students’ struggle to acclimate to life in a new land while slowly opening up to share their stories of hardship and tragedy.

With tremendous effort and dedication, the school provides the support these children need to recover from their past. Together, the bond between teacher and student, and amongst the students themselves, enables them to create new lives in this exceptional community.

The Wikipedia page of the film is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangers_No_More_%28film%29

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Carte: Jean Velicy – Dincolo de paduri, Ardealul…

Una dintre placerile mele marturisite este de a-mi ghida prietenii in cele doua spatii pe care le consider ale mele, de a-i introduce in istoria si prezentul, realitatile fizice si cele spirituale ale tarii in care m-am nascut si ale tarii in care imi traiesc viata de mai bine de un sfert de secol. Jean Velicy, autorul frumoasei carti pe care tocmai am terminat sa o citesc pare sa impartaseasca aceasta placere si descrie in cateva randuri calitatile principale cerute de indeletnicirea de ghid: ‘Un ghid de calitate, gandesc dupa ce am avut parte in calatoriile mele de calauze de toate facturile, trebuie sa indeplineasca trei conditii esentiale: sa cunoasca limba in care prezinta subiectul (accentul nu are importanta; chiar dimpotriva, as zice, un accent “culoare locala” poate fi o calitate, un plus, o savoare de cultivat), apoi sa cunoasca subiectul si, in fine, sa fi reusit sa trieze esentialul intr-o povestire cu farmec, care sa imbine marea si mica istorie a locului cu inteligenta si har, adaptata publicului care il asculta.’ (pag. 19) Daca la aceste calitati se mai adauga una si anume dragostea fata de spatiul in care isi joaca rolul de calauza, cei care au norocul de a beneficia de serviciile unei astfel de gazde in spatiul calatoriei lor pot beneficia de o experienta care imbina cunoasterea cu trairea locurilor pe care le perinda. Iar cand astfel de experiente sunt puse in scris rezultatul este o carte cum este Dincolo de paduri, Ardealul… a lui Jean Velicy.

Mai este inca o experienta pe care o impartasesc cu autorul cartii. Sa spun insa pentru conformitate ca Jean Velicy nu imi este un necunoscut; desi nu l-am intalnit inca niciodata in persoana, am avut sansa sa-l cunosc in spatiul virtual al forumurilor internetice de limba romana. Jean este originar din Transilvania, si traieste de doua decenii (sper sa nu gresesc in aprecierea perioadei) in Franta. Cu putin timp in urma si-a luat colegii din asociatia medicala pe care o conduce si a facut din Transilvania natala tinta uneia dintre calatoriile anuale ale grupului. Era desigur vorba pentru el de mai mult decat o calatorie intr-un spatiu turistic oarecare. Am trait si eu o experienta similara cu jumatate de an in urma, cand am parcurs unul dintre itinerariile excursiilor mele din vremea studentiei, reintalnind in timp locurile care au ramas acolo dar s-au schimbat atat de mult in acelasi timp. A fost o experienta cognitiva si emotionala complexa. Nu am pus inca pe hartie sau pe medie internetica notele acelei calatorii, dar probabil ca daca as cauta un model de referinta cartea lui Jean ar putea fi unul dintre ele.

Documentarea este unul dintre secretele unei excursii reusite, si Jean a facut in pregatirea acestei excursii mai mult decat face turistul bine informat. Simtindu-se raspunzator fata de colegii sai nu numai cu completarea informatiei dar si cu adaptarea ei la specificul audientei, a citit mult, a filtrat si a ales acele informatii care sa fie relevante pentru colegii sai si sa puna in context informatia si privelistile cu date familiare din formatia si spatiul de acasa al vizitatorilor. A pune date in contextul istoric al francezilor, a-l sincroniza de exemplu pe Mihai Viteazul – cel cunoscut de orice copil roman dar nesemnificativ pentru majoritatea intelectualilor francezi – cu Henri al IV-lea, ce este mai simplu sau mai evident, dar cati dintre ghizii profesionisti fac asta? A adapta experientele culinare cum ar fi consumarea tariilor alcoolice sau a branzeturilor cu obiceiurile de masa ale francezilor vestiti pentru rafinamentul lor culinar – pentru asta iti trebuie nu numai initiativa ci si o experienta de viata care sa imbine trairile in ambele spatii cu respectul pentru particularitatile fiecaruia in parte. Jean Velicy cel pe care l-am cunoscut pe listele romanofone ca pe un fin cunoscator si povestitor al culturii si vietii din tara sa adoptiva le-a fost colegilor francezi un la fel de competent ambasador al obiceiurilor transilvanene, si a facut-o sunt sigur cu placerea impartasirii si cu zambetul pe buze, asa cum il simti de multe ori cand ii citesti scrisele.

Intregul periplu a durat doar patru zile, in care Jean Velicy si colegii sai au vizitat trei orase – Clujul, Sighisoara si Sibiul – si inca cateva obiective pe drum. Relatarea calatoriei rezulta intr-o carte de calatorie usoara la lectura si interesanta in detaliile sale. Marturisesc ca am aflat multe lucruri pe care nu le stiam despre Ardeal, istoria si oamenii sau dar desigur, am scuza ca sunt bucurestean. De exemplu amanunte despre istoria aviatiei si despre faptul ca Air France are o ascendenta romaneasca intr-o linie aeriana comerciala franco-romana de imediat dupa primul razboi mondial; sau ca unul dintre curentele pricipale ale Reformei, biserica unitariana isi are originea in Cluj; sau despre instrumente muzicale specifice mai cunoscute (tambalul) sau mai putin cunoscute (de hidedeaua cu tolcer ati auzit?); sau despre personaje istorice ca Johann Kelp (Kelpius) sau Johann Sachs von Harteneck pe care istoriografia invatata in scolile comuniste ii cam trecea sub tacere datorita rolului lor in miscari religioase sau a nationalitatii lor. Audierea de muzica romaneasca pregatita de Jean pentru cele cateva ore de strabatere cu autobuzul a unor drumuri pe sosele se transforma intr-un capitol exemplar care valorifica o alta pasiune a sa pentru muzica si isoria muzicii. Cateva informatii mi-au fost confirmate – stiam de exemplu despre prietenia lui Traian Vuia cu compozitorul Coriolan Brediceanu si despre faptul ca primele modele ale aeroplanului lui Vuia au fost proiectate in Lugojul natal al mamei si bunicii mele. Il cunosteam si pe fantasticul fotograf Brassai (‘brasoveanul’), cunoscut colegilor lui Jean pentru splendidele sale fotografii ale Parisului pe care le cunoscusem si ma fascinasera nu intr-un alt loc decat Manhattan-ul si al sau fabulos Metropolitan Museum. Sectia de pictura romaneasca de la Bruckental a fost si pentru mine punctul de maxim interes in vizitarea muzeului. La fel ca Jean am comentat si eu in periplul meu romanesc de anul trecut (care a inclus si el Sibiul, dar si nordul Moldovei si Bucovina) falsa standardizare ‘specific romaneasca’ a menu-urilor in majoritatea restaurantelor in dauna preparatelor cu adevarat locale si traditionale. In schimb intr-un loc am avut se pare mai multa sansa decat el – la Sibiu, in Piata Mare am mancat in toamna trecuta amandine si ischlere intr-o cofetarie probabil deschisa intre vizitele noastre in oras.

Prezentarea aspectelor istorice ale Ardealului nu putea ocoli aspectele legate conflictele nationale pe care acest pamant le-a trait vreme de veacuri. Jean le-a descris colegilor sai de excursie in mod exact si echilibrat istoriile paralele ale aceluiasi tinut revendicat de doua popoare inclusiv controversele legate de primordialitatea uneia sau alteia dintre populatii in spatiul transilvanean. In Cluj observa cu fina ironie existenta circuitelor istorice diferite ale orasului, de limba romana si de limba maghiara, cu un singur punct de intersectie la casa in care s-a nascut Matei Corvin. Dar pana si numele regelui Ungariei de obarsie romana aflam ca este subiect de disputa. ‘In fapt regretul privind istoriografia Transilvaniei e ca ceea ce s-a scris timp de secole sunt istorii paralele. Intre istoria scrisa de autorii romani si cea publicata de confratii lor unguri diferentele sunt atat de importante incat, daca te-ai inversuna sa-i citesti si pe unii si pe altii, ai trage concluzia ca e vorba de tari diferite. Transilvania romanilor si Transilvania ungurilor sunt doua carti de istorie care se petrec si nu se intersecteaza decat ca sa tasneasca scantei. Descoperirile arheologice si scrierile de epoca, rare, sunt comune celor doua istoriografii. Dar citind concluziile unora si altora, ajungi sa cunosti doua tari diferite, care par sa se ignore, desi, coincidenta, impart totusi, in aceeasi epoca, acelasi teritoriu!’ (pag. 124) Speranta tuturor optimistilor si oamenilor de buna credinta este ca respectul diversitatii si optiunea convietuirii intr-o Europa a pacii sterg treptat urmele si sechelele conflictelor din trecut. ‘Personalitatea Transilvaniei, peste tot ceea ce valurile istoriei au dus si adus, unicitatea ei in lume, asa cum spuneam, e tocmai ceea ce unii si altii au tendinta sa neglijeze: un colt de lume in care neamuri au trait impreuna, au conlucrat si au creat in beneficiul tuturor. Mai mult decat o apozitie, in pofida unor pareri adesea formulate, chiar osmoza coexistentei, interferenta, interconditionarea, defineste cu adevarat Ardealul.’ (pag. 130-131)

Editata de CIMEC – Institutul de Memorie Culturala, cartea ‘Dincolo de paduri, Ardealul…’ este si o carte frumos editata si placuta la citire. Ilustratiile ii apartin autorului si demonstreaza ca prelucrarea digitala a fotografiilor a ajuns sa dea rezultate demne de penitele celor mai iscusiti ilustratori. O carte frumoasa deci, si o invitatie la calatorie, la cunoastere, la construirea de punti intre culturi.

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Un spectacol de teatru bucurestean in Israel

Infiintat in 2007 Teatrul ‘Metropolis’ din Bucuresti este o aparitie recenta in viata teatrala bucuresteana. Nu am ajuns inca sa vad niciun spectacol la sediul lor din strada Eminescu din Bucuresti, dar pe Web site-ul http://www.teatrulmetropolis.ro/ se poate citi ca este vorba despre un teatru cu un repertoriu ambitios si de calitate din care nu lipsesc nici piese clasice cum ar fi ‘Hamlet’  ‘Azilul de noapte’, sau ‘Visul unei nopti de vara’, nici repertoriul modern, iar echipa actoriceasca include nume pe care le cunosteam de pe scena romaneasca de acum 30 de ani si mai bine ca Olga Tudorache, Alexandru Repan, Tamara Cretzulescu, actori in plina maturitate ca Razvan Vasilescu sau Dana Dogaru pana la generatia mai tanara pe care eu nu am cunoscut-o. Din fericire Tesu Solomovici a adus ‘Podu” una dintre reprezentatiile acestui teatru in Israel si nu pot decat sa regret ca evenimentul nu pare sa fi fost anuntat in afara comunitatii de limba romana din Israel. Este un spectacol de nivel cel putin egal multor altora al teatrelor care vin in turneu pe aici, si cred ca ar fi putut trezi si interesul publicului care nu cunoaste limba romana cu conditia ca spectacolul sa fi fost titrat in ebraica.

source www.teatrulmetropolis.ro

Autorul piesei este Paul Ioachim (1930-2002) actor, dramaturg si fondatorul teatrului ‘George Ciprian’ din Buzau. Piesa adaptata si regizata de Horatiu Malaele care in versiunea sa originala se numea ‘Podul sinucigasilor’ este una dintre acele creatii de sertar a caror soarta a fost sa ramana necunoscute publicului romanesc in toata perioada comunista, nereusind sa treaca bariera cenzurii in ciuda interesului unor teatre ca Nationalul sau Teatrul de Comedie din Bucuresti si a unor regizori ca Sica Alexandrescu, Lucian Giurchescu sau David Esrig. Abia dupa schimarea regimului politic piesa vede lumina scenei la Teatrul National din Bucuresti pentru a fi readusa la ‘Metropolis’ de catre Horatiu Malaele.

Textul initial a fost scris in anii 60 si este vizibila influenta teatrului absurdului si a unor dramaturgi ca Ionesco sau Becket, si chiar a unor ecouri ale neuitatului spectacol cu ‘Asteptandu-l pe Godot’ cu Gheorghe Dinica si Marin Moraru din anii 70. Textul insa are originalitatea si puterea sa expresiva si comica proprie si ideea raportarii personajelor dezabuzate de viata la sinucidere impinge limitele intr-o directie mai putin explorata. Pe un pod al sinucigasilor trei personaje isi petrec ceea ce va fi poate ultima ora a vietii lor. Sunt trei dezamagiti ai vietii, a caror disperare vine fiecare dintr-o directie diferita. Unul este Neintelesul (Horatiu Malaele) intre ale carui idei si vise si lumea reala exista o bariera de comunicare de netrecut. Infricosat de perspectiva apocalipsei isi aduna filozofia si inventiile de o viata intr-o carte, pe care o traduce in … ebraica, pentru a o face lizibila la finele zilelor macar de catre Fiul Domnului. Al doilea este Indragostitul (George Ivascu), arhetipul vesnicului tanjitor, care are insa nesansa de a fi mic de statura, si nici vitaminele si nici rigorile meseriei sale (metrolog – deci stapanind dureroasa stiinta a masurarii) nu il pot ajuta sa-si surmonteze handicapul si sa cucereasca inima singurei fiinte care conteaza. Trioul este completat de Artista (Meda Victor) a carei incercare de a crea si de a intrupa se izbeste de neputinta concretizarii. Trei personaje ale caror esecuri in viata reala legate de lumea visului si intelectului, de cea fizica si emotionala se amesteca pe scena intr-un dialog comic spumos si absurd, si intr-o suita continua de gag-uri in care comicul si disperarea se amesteca in doza potrivita pentru a produce momente de teatru sublim amestecat cu aproape neintrerupte hohote de ras.

(video source kolearautu)

Cei trei actori reusesc fiecare in parte performante remarcabile pe masura talentului lor individual, si lucreaza in perfecta sincronizare ca echipa. Horatiu Malaele este de mult un nume de marca pe scena romaneasca, care aduce in orice spectacol in care joaca o imagine proprie construita in timp, amestec de cabotin si de rezoneur blazat. In ‘Podu” el adauga o dimensiune filozofica si umana care il face sa domine spectacolul si sa apara ca personajul capabil poate sa-i salveze pe ceilalti sau macar sa le descifreze ceva din sensul dezamagirilor lor. Pe George Ivascu nu l-am vazut cred pana acum in niciun spectacol pe scena, si mi s-a dovedit a fi in acest spectacol un actor de o mare expresivitate, cu talent comic si cu fior dramatic (de notat ca el este si directorul teatrului ‘Metropolis’). Meda Victor furnizeaza contrapunctul feminin si le da replica celor doi mari actori cu prezenta scenica, vitalitate si sensibilitate. Scena de la Centrul Leonardo din Tel Aviv nu este poate cea mai profesionala scena pentru spectacole de teatru, dar are o configuratie care o inalta fata de public si care s-a potrivit excelent ideii spectacolului. A fost o dupa-amiaza de teatru de calitate, din acelea din care un iubitor de teatru isi doreste sa aiba parte cat de des.

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Jazz Manouche: Florin Niculescu

I have first heard and seen Florin Niculescu in the concerts dedicated to the memory of Stephane Grapelli and then Django Reinhardt whose centenaries where celebrated in 2008 and 2010. Florin is considered to be their follower and this is by itself a huge compliment. The virtuosity of Grapelli as violinist and the spirit of Reinhardt the greatest jazz manouche (Gypsy jazz) musician ever seem to have met in the person of the musician born in Bucharest in 1967. Florin lives in France since the 90s. I have seen him a few weeks ago in a jazz-symphonic concert recorded on the stage of the Athenee Hall in Bucharest. A detailed biography and some fine music can be seen on his Web site http://www.florinniculescu.eu/anglais.htm. Below are a few special music pieces that I found on youTube.

(video source alex333x)

The couple Biréli Lagrène-Florin Niculescu met in the 90s and is considered to be a successor to the legendary couple Django Reinhardt – Stéphane Grappelli who created the guitar-violin dialog in jazz in the 1940s. Here they are in ‘Rue de Pierre’ a spirited dialog which allows to both of them to prove their fantastic skills, filmed and recorded at the Vienne jazz festival in 2007.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUlsjlPnOeQ

(video source Xiphosss)

This part belongs to a formula which is close to the one that he played in the recent concert in Bucharest, with the exceptional guitarist Stochelo Rosenberg and the Kristiansand Simphonic Orchestra. After an improvisation by Rosenberg follows ‘Tears’ by Reinhardt with Florin Niculescu at his best.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vzgDeGuu8A

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xydLhyuLgyo&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TYghsuj61g&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rb2pOIRJoc&feature=related

(video source grandboucheguitar)

And finally watch and listen to Florin in an exceptional performance at the 2007 festival in Samois dedicated to Django. Image is not the best but you get the music and the atmosphere. The spirit of the manouche music is burning under his fingers.

PS – after reading this entry a colleague on the mail list dedicated to the memory of Cornel Chiriac pointed me to Hot Club Radio – a radio station dedicated to jazz manouche. Thanks and Enjoy!

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